Make a Delta-Sigma Converter Using a Microcontroller’s Analog Comparator Module

Some of the standard PICmicros have a comparator module, consisting of two comparators, both of which can be connected to PORTA in a variety of configurations. The internal voltage reference divider can be used with the comparators to establish thresholds. Additionally, one of the comparator inputs can be configured to the RA2 port allowing for the use of an external voltage reference. By combining these elements, a first order modulator and first order filter can be designed, emulating the function of an analog-to-digital delta-sigma conversion. This method of conversion is quickly implemented in firmware with very few additional external components. Consequently, the cost of hardware implementation is minimal, particularly for such a high resolution converter solution. The input range is very flexible and adjusted with external resistors. Although this method is not particularly strong in terms of DC accuracy, it is well suited for ratiometic applications.